Bubonic Plague Symptoms

© Shutterstock What is already the largest ever Lassa fever assessment study will expand to reach Benin, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, thanks to an additional $10.3 million from the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation (CEPI). "There have been a number of positive developments in the Lassa vaccine space over the past couple of years, with multiple candidates now moving into in-human testing," Melanie Saville, director of Vaccine Research and Development at CEPI, said. "To continue this momentum and to meet CEPI's goal to get a licensed Lassa vaccine for routine immunisation, we must therefore now advance our disease-assessment efforts to provide the critical data for future late-stage

While many people with low blood pressure may not experience symptoms, other people experience headaches, among other things. Very high or very low blood pressure can indicate an underlying condition or issue that needs treatment. When a person has low blood pressure (hypotension), they may experience a headache and a range of other symptoms, including nausea and lightheadedness. Sometimes, these symptoms require medical attention. Keep reading to learn more about low blood pressure headaches, including the causes and how to treat them. Learn more about high blood pressure and headaches here. Some medications may cause the body to lose more liquid, leading to a decrease in blood volume, low blood pressure, and, sometimes, a headache. A change in posture may also trigger a headache due to low blood pressure. Experiencing some forms of hypotension, such as orthostatic hypotension from standing up too fast, may cause symptoms in some people. Some people may become temporarily dizzy or &qu

The lower leg is a part of the lower extremity, or leg. The lower leg lies between the knee and ankle and works with the upper leg and foot to help perform the key functions of the leg. There are a number of bones, muscles, and tendons in the area. Additionally, nerves and blood vessels run through the leg. These complex components work together to play crucial roles in the body. They also provide strength and articulation for a person to be able to carry out various tasks. In this article, we will discuss the bones, muscles, tendons, and nerves of the lower leg. Legs are the limbs on which a person or animal walks and stands. The lower leg forms part of the lower extremity. This refers to the body from the hip down. It consists of a few core regions, including the: hip thigh knee lower leg ankle foot Each of these regions contains its own complex components and function. They all work together to perform the basic functions of the leg. The lower leg is one of these regions, making up

The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) and the International Vaccine Institute (IVI) today announced a new programme of clinical research which aims to expand access to COVID-19 vaccines in Africa. CEPI will provide funding of up to $12.7m to the Expanding Access and Delivery of COVID-19 Vaccines in Africa (ECOVA) consortium led by IVI to carry out clinical trials of Sinopharm's BBIBP-CorV vaccine which will support the expanded use of the vaccine on the African continent. Up to 170 million doses of BBIBP-CorV will be distributed by the COVAX Facility under an agreement announced on 12 July 2021, and the vaccine is already being deployed in over 50 countries around the world. However there have been no clinical trials of BBIBP-CorV in African populations or against the variants of concern circulating in southern Africa. The ECOVA research programme aims to generate crucial data to inform the use of the vaccine in Africa, and potentially expand use of the vac

University Communications July 7, 2021 Microscopic view of a coronavirus particle showing surface proteins that play key roles in the interaction between the virus and the host cell. Shutterstock A new study co-authored by a University of Arizona researcher has discovered a coronavirus epidemic broke out in the East Asia region more than 20,000 years ago, with traces of the outbreak evident in the genetic makeup of people from that area. In a paper published in Current Biology, researchers analyzed the genomes of more than 2,500 modern humans from 26 worldwide populations, to better understand how humans have adapted to historical coronavirus outbreaks. The team, co-led by researchers at the University of Arizona and the University of Adelaide, used computational methods to uncover genetic traces of adaptation to coronaviruses, the family of viruses responsible for three major outbreaks in the last 20 years, i

As I write, mass fatalities from COVID-19 have begun in Africa. Overall, only 1.1% of people in low-income countries have received at least one vaccine dose. In my own Liberia, the proportion of people who have had both doses is just 0.18%. Recorded cases in the country jumped by 144% between 1 June and 21 July. This is probably an undercount. The disease is more deadly here than elsewhere: the current case fatality rate in Africa is 18% higher than the global average. Rates are worse among the critically ill. About half of those who are admitted to intensive care die within 30 days (African COVID-19 Critical Care Outcomes Study Investigators Lancet 397 , 1885–1894; 2021). Enough statistics. The number of graves being dug each day in Liberia recalls the 2014 Ebola catastrophe. Like Ebola, COVID-19 infects and kills a disproportionate number of health-care workers, and Liberia already has far too few. My social media used to be alive with wishes for happy birthdays and anniversaries. N

For many patients with debilitating headaches caused by spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), their condition is not diagnosed or treated because of a lack of awareness about it, conclude the authors of a new systematic review of the literature on the condition. Dr Manjit Matharu "Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a highly misdiagnosed and underdiagnosed disorder but can be relatively easily treated when correctly identified," senior author Manjit Matharu, MD, told Medscape Medical News . Matharu, who is associate professor at the University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, explained that the diagnostic criteria for SIH have changed significantly during the past few decades, which has probably contributed to the current uncertainty as to how to reliably diagnose the condition and effectively treat these patients. T

Almost 270,000 people die every year from sepsis – a common complication that develops when an infection spreads to other parts of the body. Most of these deaths can be prevented though with early diagnosis and treatment, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sepsis basically occurs when the body's immune system sets off a toxic reaction to an infection. Every year in the U.S. more than 1.5 million people develop sepsis. It is most common in older adults and people with weakened immune systems and chronic diseases. The CDC says it's important to prevent infections from the start by  practicing good hygiene and staying up-to-date on immunizations. So is recognizing when an infection is getting worse so you can get treated fast. While any type of infection can lead to sepsis, the Mayo Clinic says it is more commonly associated with infections of the lungs, urinary system, digestive system, bloodstream, wounds and catheter sites. Symptoms of

[unable to retrieve full-text content] Who pays for public health? Who sets pandemic rules? Idaho changed the law    KPVI News 6

Shortness of breath, or dyspnea, occurs when a person feels that they are unable, or less able than usual, to take enough air into the lungs. The sensation of shortness of breath is subjective. For instance, some people may describe the feeling as a sensation of suffocating. For others, they may feel unable to take a deep breath. Regardless of the exact description, experiencing shortness of breath is uncomfortable and may lead to additional symptoms or complications. Shortness of breath may occur occasionally or frequently, and it has many different potential causes. Keep reading to learn more about the causes, treatment, and prevention methods associated with shortness of breath. Many people experience shortness of breath during and after exercise. It can also occur due to changes in altitude or temperature. Usually, however, there is more than one cause of shortness of breath. Shortness of breath has a large variety of possible causes. The most common include: Learn more about the c

Headaches are a common form of pain. There are many types of headaches, and they may be temporary or come and go for longer periods of time. Food and drink may play a role in headaches. Some food and drinks may be especially helpful for headaches, such as water, antioxidant-rich foods, and ingredients such as caffeine. Other foods may trigger headaches. People who deal with regular headaches can work with their doctor to help identify any underlying causes, including identifying and eliminating trigger foods, to help relieve their headaches. In this article, we look at how different foods affect headaches, and explain how to identify food and drink related headache triggers. Headaches are a type of pain that affects the head. Doctors classify headaches by the type of pain and location of the pain. Headaches may be primary headaches, meaning they appear on their own and have no related conditions, or secondary headaches, which appear due to an underlying condition. The International Cla

A seizure happens when there is abnormal electrical activity in the brain, and it has numerous possible causes. In epilepsy, seizures happen without a clear cause. About 10% of people experience a seizure at least once during their lifetime. After a first seizure, a person may wonder whether they have epilepsy. Epilepsy is a common cause of seizures, especially in people who have multiple seizures without another clear cause. However, epilepsy does not cause all seizures. The numerous other causes of seizures include: infections that affect the brain a blow to the head autoimmune conditions, such as lupus severe malnourishment or nutritional imbalances Doctors are not always able to determine the cause of a seizure, but when a person has multiple seizures over time, they usually diagnose epilepsy. Keep reading to learn more about seizures and epilepsy, including the differences between an epileptic seizure and a seizure with another underlying cause. The brain is a complex electrical

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Shingles, also called herpes zoster, is an infection caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox. Almost 1 in 3 people will have shingles at some point in their lives. Some people believe that there is a direct connection between the appearance of shingles symptoms and the COVID-19 coronavirus as well as its vaccines. Some have even suggested that COVID-19 causes shingles and that vaccines given to protect against the virus can cause shingles, too. Current scientific research indicates that neither COVID-19 itself nor any vaccine given to protect against it causes shingles. But that does not mean that there is not a link between the two. In some cases, the COVID-19 coronavirus does seem to reactivate the herpes zoster virus if a person already has had shingles or chickenpox. This can cause symptoms of shingles. Let's take a look at what we know and do not know about COVID-19 and the shingles virus. There's currently no evidence to clear up the question of whether having CO

[unable to retrieve full-text content] Is It a Summer Cold or Allergies? - Allergy, Featured, Health Topics    Hackensack Meridian Health

The summer is in full swing, and according to weather reports, it has been hotter than average in many parts of the United States. With increased temperatures comes an increased need to stay hydrated by drinking lots of water.  But can drinking too much water be dangerous for our health? Several experts weigh in on the topic and discuss how drinking too much water can lead to several adverse side effects, including the possibility of death.  With a focus on hydration and consuming a large number of fluids, a less common condition known as hyponatremia, or overhydration, can occur. While the occurrence of hyponatremia is quite rare, it's essential to be aware of the signs and symptoms. How much water is too much Drinking too much water in a short amount of time can lead to hyponatremia which, according to the Mayo Clinic, occurs when sodium levels in the blood drop below 135 milliequivalents per liter. In essence, you are diluting your blood and decreasing the amou